良好生(sheng)態(tai)環境是(shi)實現中(zhong)華民族永續發展的內在要求(qiu)，是(shi)增進民生(sheng)福(fu)祉的優先領域。為深入學習(xi)(xi)貫徹習(xi)(xi)近平新時(shi)代中(zhong)國(guo)特色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)思想和黨的十(shi)九大精神，決勝全(quan)面建成小(xiao)康社會(hui)，全(quan)面加強生(sheng)態(tai)環境保護，打好污染防治攻(gong)堅戰(zhan)，提升生(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)，建設美麗中(zhong)國(guo)，現提出(chu)如下意見(jian)。
一、深(shen)刻認識生態環境保護面臨的形勢
黨(dang)的(de)(de)十八大(da)以來，以習近平同志為(wei)(wei)核心(xin)的(de)(de)黨(dang)中(zhong)央把生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設作為(wei)(wei)統(tong)籌推(tui)進(jin)“五位一(yi)體”總體布局(ju)和協調推(tui)進(jin)“四個全面”戰略布局(ju)的(de)(de)重要(yao)內(nei)容，謀(mou)劃開展了一(yi)系(xi)(xi)列根(gen)本性(xing)、長遠性(xing)、開創性(xing)工(gong)作，推(tui)動生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境保(bao)(bao)護從實(shi)踐(jian)到(dao)認識發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)了歷史性(xing)、轉(zhuan)折性(xing)、全局(ju)性(xing)變化。各(ge)地(di)區各(ge)部門(men)認真貫徹落實(shi)黨(dang)中(zhong)央、國(guo)務(wu)院決策(ce)部署，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境保(bao)(bao)護制度體系(xi)(xi)加快形成，全面節約資源有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)推(tui)進(jin)，大(da)氣、水、土(tu)壤污染防治行動計(ji)劃深入實(shi)施，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)保(bao)(bao)護和修復重大(da)工(gong)程(cheng)進(jin)展順利，核與(yu)輻射(she)安(an)全得到(dao)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)保(bao)(bao)障，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設成效(xiao)(xiao)顯著，美(mei)麗中(zhong)國(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設邁出重要(yao)步(bu)伐(fa)，我國(guo)成為(wei)(wei)全球生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設的(de)(de)重要(yao)參與(yu)者、貢(gong)獻者、引(yin)領者。
同時(shi)，我國生(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)設(she)和生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)面(mian)臨不(bu)少困難(nan)和挑戰(zhan)，存在許多不(bu)足。一些地方和部門(men)對生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)認識不(bu)到位，責任落實(shi)不(bu)到位；經濟(ji)社會發(fa)展同生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)的(de)矛(mao)盾仍然突出(chu)，資源環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)承載(zai)能力已(yi)經達到或接近(jin)上限；城鄉(xiang)區域(yu)統(tong)籌不(bu)夠，新老環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)問題(ti)交織，區域(yu)性、布局性、結構性環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)風(feng)險凸顯，重污(wu)染(ran)天氣(qi)、黑臭水(shui)體(ti)、垃圾圍城、生(sheng)態(tai)破(po)壞(huai)等問題(ti)時(shi)有發(fa)生(sheng)。這些問題(ti)，成為重要(yao)的(de)民(min)(min)生(sheng)之患、民(min)(min)心之痛，成為經濟(ji)社會可持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)展的(de)瓶頸(jing)制約，成為全面(mian)建(jian)成小康社會的(de)明(ming)顯短板。
進(jin)入(ru)新(xin)時代，解決人民(min)日(ri)益(yi)增長(chang)的(de)(de)美好(hao)生活需要(yao)和不平(ping)衡不充分的(de)(de)發展(zhan)之間的(de)(de)矛盾對生態(tai)環(huan)境保護提(ti)出許多新(xin)要(yao)求。當前(qian)，生態(tai)文明建設正處(chu)于壓力(li)疊加(jia)、負重(zhong)前(qian)行的(de)(de)關鍵期，已進(jin)入(ru)提(ti)供更多優質生態(tai)產(chan)品(pin)以滿足人民(min)日(ri)益(yi)增長(chang)的(de)(de)優美生態(tai)環(huan)境需要(yao)的(de)(de)攻堅(jian)期，也(ye)到了有(you)(you)條(tiao)件有(you)(you)能力(li)解決突(tu)出生態(tai)環(huan)境問題(ti)的(de)(de)窗口(kou)期。必須加(jia)大力(li)度、加(jia)快治理(li)、加(jia)緊攻堅(jian)，打好(hao)標志性(xing)的(de)(de)重(zhong)大戰役，為人民(min)創造良好(hao)生產(chan)生活環(huan)境。
二(er)、深入(ru)貫徹習近平生態文明思想
習近平總書(shu)記(ji)傳承中華(hua)民(min)族傳統文化(hua)、順(shun)應(ying)時代潮流和人民(min)意愿(yuan)，站在(zai)堅(jian)持和發(fa)展中國特色(se)社會主義、實(shi)現中華(hua)民(min)族偉大復(fu)興中國夢的戰略高度，深(shen)刻回答(da)了為(wei)什么(me)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)生態(tai)文明、建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)什么(me)樣(yang)的生態(tai)文明、怎樣(yang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)生態(tai)文明等重大理論和實(shi)踐問(wen)題(ti)，系統形(xing)成了習近平生態(tai)文明思想(xiang)，有力指(zhi)導(dao)生態(tai)文明建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)和生態(tai)環境保護(hu)取(qu)得歷史性(xing)成就、發(fa)生歷史性(xing)變革。
堅持生(sheng)態(tai)興(xing)則(ze)文(wen)明興(xing)。建設(she)生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明是關系(xi)中(zhong)華民(min)族(zu)(zu)永續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)的根本大計，功在(zai)當代(dai)、利(li)在(zai)千(qian)秋(qiu)，關系(xi)人民(min)福祉，關乎民(min)族(zu)(zu)未來。
堅持人與(yu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)和諧共生。保護(hu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)就是保護(hu)人類，建設生態(tai)文明就是造(zao)福人類。必須尊重自(zi)(zi)然(ran)、順應(ying)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)、保護(hu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)，像(xiang)保護(hu)眼(yan)睛(jing)一(yi)樣(yang)保護(hu)生態(tai)環境，像(xiang)對待生命一(yi)樣(yang)對待生態(tai)環境，推動形(xing)成人與(yu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)和諧發(fa)展(zhan)現代化建設新格局，還自(zi)(zi)然(ran)以寧靜(jing)、和諧、美麗(li)。
堅持(chi)(chi)綠(lv)(lv)水(shui)青(qing)山就是(shi)金山銀山。綠(lv)(lv)水(shui)青(qing)山既是(shi)自然(ran)財富(fu)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)財富(fu)，又是(shi)社會財富(fu)、經濟財富(fu)。保(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境就是(shi)保(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產力，改善生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境就是(shi)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產力。必須堅持(chi)(chi)和(he)貫(guan)徹綠(lv)(lv)色發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理念(nian)，平衡和(he)處理好發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)與保(bao)護(hu)的關系(xi)，推(tui)動形(xing)成綠(lv)(lv)色發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)式和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活方(fang)式，堅定不移走生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活富(fu)裕、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)良好的文(wen)明發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)道路(lu)。
堅持良好生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)是(shi)最普惠的民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)福祉(zhi)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態文明建設(she)同(tong)每個(ge)人息(xi)息(xi)相(xiang)關(guan)。環境(jing)就是(shi)民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，青(qing)山就是(shi)美(mei)麗，藍天也是(shi)幸福。必須(xu)堅持以人民(min)為中心，重點(dian)解決損害群眾(zhong)健(jian)康(kang)的突出(chu)環境(jing)問題，提供更多優質生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態產(chan)品。
堅持山水林田湖草是生(sheng)(sheng)命共同體。生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)是統一(yi)的有機(ji)整(zheng)體。必須按照系(xi)統工程(cheng)的思路，構建生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)理體系(xi)，著力擴(kuo)大環(huan)(huan)境(jing)容(rong)量和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)空間，全方位(wei)、全地域、全過程(cheng)開(kai)展生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護。
堅持用最(zui)嚴(yan)格制(zhi)度(du)最(zui)嚴(yan)密法(fa)治(zhi)保(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)。保(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)必須依靠(kao)制(zhi)度(du)、依靠(kao)法(fa)治(zhi)。必須構建產權(quan)清(qing)晰、多元(yuan)參與(yu)、激(ji)勵約(yue)束并(bing)重(zhong)、系統完整(zheng)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態文明制(zhi)度(du)體(ti)系，讓制(zhi)度(du)成(cheng)為剛性約(yue)束和(he)不可觸碰(peng)的(de)高壓線。
堅持建設(she)美(mei)麗(li)中國全(quan)民(min)行(xing)動(dong)。美(mei)麗(li)中國是(shi)人民(min)群(qun)眾共同參與共同建設(she)共同享(xiang)有的事業。必須加(jia)強生態文明宣傳教(jiao)育，牢固樹(shu)立(li)生態文明價值(zhi)觀念和行(xing)為準(zhun)則(ze)，把建設(she)美(mei)麗(li)中國化為全(quan)民(min)自覺行(xing)動(dong)。
堅持(chi)共(gong)謀全球(qiu)生態(tai)文明(ming)建設。生態(tai)文明(ming)建設是構建人類命運(yun)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)體的重要內(nei)容。必須同(tong)(tong)舟共(gong)濟、共(gong)同(tong)(tong)努力，構筑(zhu)尊崇自然(ran)、綠色發(fa)展的生態(tai)體系(xi)，推動全球(qiu)生態(tai)環境治理(li)，建設清潔美(mei)麗世界。
習(xi)近平生(sheng)(sheng)態文明(ming)思想為(wei)推進美麗中國(guo)建設、實(shi)(shi)現人(ren)與自然和諧共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)現代化提供了方(fang)向指引和根本遵循，必須用以(yi)武裝頭腦、指導實(shi)(shi)踐、推動工作(zuo)。要教育廣大干部增強“四個意識”，樹立正確政績觀，把生(sheng)(sheng)態文明(ming)建設重大部署和重要任務落到(dao)實(shi)(shi)處，讓良好生(sheng)(sheng)態環境成(cheng)為(wei)人(ren)民(min)幸福生(sheng)(sheng)活的(de)增長(chang)點、成(cheng)為(wei)經濟社會持續健(jian)康發展(zhan)的(de)支(zhi)撐點、成(cheng)為(wei)展(zhan)現我國(guo)良好形象(xiang)的(de)發力點。
三、全面加強黨對生態環境保護的領導
加強生態環境保護(hu)、堅(jian)決打好污染(ran)防治攻(gong)堅(jian)戰(zhan)是黨和(he)國家(jia)的重大決策部(bu)署，各(ge)級黨委和(he)政府要強化對生態文明建設(she)和(he)生態環境保護(hu)的總體設(she)計和(he)組(zu)織領導(dao)，統籌(chou)協調處理重大問題，指(zhi)導(dao)、推動(dong)、督促各(ge)地區各(ge)部(bu)門(men)落實(shi)黨中央、國務(wu)院重大政策措(cuo)施。
（一(yi)）落(luo)實(shi)黨(dang)(dang)政(zheng)(zheng)主體責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)。落(luo)實(shi)領導干(gan)部生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明建設(she)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)制，嚴格實(shi)行(xing)黨(dang)(dang)政(zheng)(zheng)同責(ze)(ze)、一(yi)崗雙責(ze)(ze)。地方各級黨(dang)(dang)委和政(zheng)(zheng)府必須堅決扛起生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明建設(she)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護的政(zheng)(zheng)治責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)，對本行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)區域(yu)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護工(gong)作及生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量負總(zong)責(ze)(ze)，主要(yao)負責(ze)(ze)人是本行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)區域(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護第一(yi)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)人，至少(shao)每季(ji)度研究一(yi)次生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護工(gong)作，其(qi)他有(you)關(guan)領導成員(yuan)在職(zhi)(zhi)責(ze)(ze)范圍內承擔相(xiang)應責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)。各地要(yao)制定責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)清單(dan)，把任(ren)(ren)務分解(jie)落(luo)實(shi)到(dao)有(you)關(guan)部門。抓(zhua)緊(jin)出臺中(zhong)央和國(guo)家機關(guan)相(xiang)關(guan)部門生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)清單(dan)。各相(xiang)關(guan)部門要(yao)履行(xing)好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護職(zhi)(zhi)責(ze)(ze)，制定生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護年(nian)度工(gong)作計劃(hua)和措施。各地區各部門落(luo)實(shi)情況每年(nian)向黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)央、國(guo)務院報告。
健全(quan)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)督(du)(du)察機(ji)制。完(wan)善(shan)中央(yang)和省級環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)督(du)(du)察體系，制定環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)督(du)(du)察工作規定，以解決(jue)突出生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)問題、改善(shan)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量、推動(dong)高(gao)質(zhi)量發展(zhan)(zhan)為重(zhong)(zhong)點，夯實生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明(ming)建設和生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)政治責任(ren)，推動(dong)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)督(du)(du)察向(xiang)縱深發展(zhan)(zhan)。完(wan)善(shan)督(du)(du)查(cha)、交辦、巡查(cha)、約談、專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)督(du)(du)察機(ji)制，開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)重(zhong)(zhong)點區域(yu)、重(zhong)(zhong)點領域(yu)、重(zhong)(zhong)點行業專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)督(du)(du)察。
（二）強化考(kao)(kao)核(he)問(wen)責。制(zhi)定(ding)對省(sheng)（自治區、直轄市）黨委、人大、政府以及(ji)中央和(he)(he)國家機關(guan)有(you)關(guan)部(bu)門污(wu)染(ran)防治攻(gong)堅(jian)戰成效考(kao)(kao)核(he)辦法，對生態環境保護立法執法情況、年度工作(zuo)目標任(ren)務完成情況、生態環境質量狀況、資(zi)金投(tou)入使用情況、公眾滿意程度等相關(guan)方(fang)面開(kai)展考(kao)(kao)核(he)。各(ge)地參照制(zhi)定(ding)考(kao)(kao)核(he)實(shi)施細則。開(kai)展領(ling)導(dao)(dao)干部(bu)自然資(zi)源資(zi)產離任(ren)審(shen)計。考(kao)(kao)核(he)結果作(zuo)為領(ling)導(dao)(dao)班子(zi)和(he)(he)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)干部(bu)綜合考(kao)(kao)核(he)評價、獎懲任(ren)免(mian)的重要依據。
嚴(yan)格(ge)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)追究。對(dui)(dui)(dui)省（自治區、直轄市）黨(dang)委和政(zheng)府以及負(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)中央(yang)和國(guo)家機(ji)關(guan)有(you)(you)關(guan)部門貫徹(che)(che)落實(shi)(shi)黨(dang)中央(yang)、國(guo)務(wu)院決策(ce)部署不堅決不徹(che)(che)底、生(sheng)(sheng)態文明建設和生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)制執(zhi)行不到位、污染(ran)防治攻堅任(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)滯后、區域生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)問題突出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)，約(yue)談主要負(fu)(fu)責(ze)(ze)人，同時責(ze)(ze)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)其向黨(dang)中央(yang)、國(guo)務(wu)院作出(chu)深刻檢查。對(dui)(dui)(dui)年度目標任(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)未(wei)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、考(kao)核不合格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)市、縣，黨(dang)政(zheng)主要負(fu)(fu)責(ze)(ze)人和相關(guan)領導班子成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)員(yuan)不得(de)評優評先。對(dui)(dui)(dui)在生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)方(fang)面造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)破壞負(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)干部，不得(de)提拔使用或者(zhe)轉任(ren)(ren)(ren)重(zhong)要職務(wu)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)不顧生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)盲目決策(ce)、違法違規審批開(kai)發利(li)用規劃和建設項目的(de)(de)(de)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量惡化(hua)、生(sheng)(sheng)態嚴(yan)重(zhong)破壞的(de)(de)(de)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)事(shi)件多發高發、應對(dui)(dui)(dui)不力(li)、群眾反映強烈的(de)(de)(de)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)沒有(you)(you)落實(shi)(shi)、推諉扯皮(pi)、沒有(you)(you)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工作任(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)，依紀依法嚴(yan)格(ge)問責(ze)(ze)、終身追責(ze)(ze)。
四(si)、總(zong)體目標和基本原則
（一(yi)）總體目標。到(dao)2020年，生態(tai)環境(jing)質量總體改善(shan)，主要污染物排放(fang)總量大(da)幅減少(shao)，環境(jing)風險得到(dao)有(you)效(xiao)管控，生態(tai)環境(jing)保護(hu)水平同(tong)全面建成小康(kang)社會目標相適應。
具體(ti)(ti)指標：全(quan)國(guo)細顆(ke)粒(li)物(wu)（PM2.5）未達(da)標地級及以(yi)上(shang)城市濃(nong)度比(bi)(bi)2015年(nian)下降18%以(yi)上(shang)，地級及以(yi)上(shang)城市空氣質量優良(liang)天(tian)數比(bi)(bi)率達(da)到(dao)(dao)80%以(yi)上(shang)；全(quan)國(guo)地表(biao)水(shui)(shui)Ⅰ－Ⅲ類水(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)比(bi)(bi)例(li)(li)達(da)到(dao)(dao)70%以(yi)上(shang)，劣Ⅴ類水(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)比(bi)(bi)例(li)(li)控制在5%以(yi)內；近岸海域水(shui)(shui)質優良(liang)（一、二(er)類）比(bi)(bi)例(li)(li)達(da)到(dao)(dao)70%左右；二(er)氧化(hua)硫(liu)、氮(dan)氧化(hua)物(wu)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)量比(bi)(bi)2015年(nian)減(jian)(jian)少15%以(yi)上(shang)，化(hua)學需氧量、氨氮(dan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)量減(jian)(jian)少10%以(yi)上(shang)；受污染(ran)耕地安(an)全(quan)利用率達(da)到(dao)(dao)90%左右，污染(ran)地塊安(an)全(quan)利用率達(da)到(dao)(dao)90%以(yi)上(shang)；生態保護紅線面(mian)積占(zhan)比(bi)(bi)達(da)到(dao)(dao)25%左右；森林(lin)覆蓋率達(da)到(dao)(dao)23.04%以(yi)上(shang)。
通過加快構建生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明體系(xi)，確保到2035年節約(yue)資源和保護生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境的空間(jian)格(ge)局、產業(ye)結構、生(sheng)(sheng)產方(fang)式(shi)、生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)方(fang)式(shi)總(zong)體形成，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境質量實現(xian)根本好轉，美麗中(zhong)國目標基本實現(xian)。到本世紀中(zhong)葉，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明全面提(ti)升，實現(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境領域國家治理體系(xi)和治理能力現(xian)代(dai)化。
（二(er)）基本原則
——堅(jian)持(chi)保護(hu)優(you)先。落實(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)紅線、環境質量(liang)底線、資(zi)源利(li)用上(shang)線硬約束(shu)，深化供給(gei)側結構性改革，推動(dong)形成綠色發(fa)展方式和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活方式，堅(jian)定(ding)不移走(zou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產發(fa)展、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活富裕、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態良好的(de)文(wen)明發(fa)展道路。
——強(qiang)化問題導向。以改(gai)善生態環境(jing)質(zhi)量為核(he)心(xin)，針對流域、區(qu)域、行業特點，聚焦(jiao)問題、分類施(shi)策、精(jing)準發力，不斷取得新成效，讓人民群眾(zhong)有(you)更多獲(huo)得感。
——突出改革(ge)創(chuang)新。深化(hua)生態環境保(bao)護體制(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)改革(ge)，統(tong)籌兼顧(gu)、系(xi)(xi)統(tong)謀劃(hua)，強化(hua)協調、整合(he)力量(liang)，區域協作、條塊結(jie)合(he)，嚴格環境標準，完善經濟政(zheng)策，增強科技(ji)支撐和能力保(bao)障(zhang)，提(ti)升生態環境治理的系(xi)(xi)統(tong)性、整體性、協同性。
——注重依(yi)法(fa)(fa)監管。完善生態環境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)法(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)規體系，健全生態環境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)行(xing)政執法(fa)(fa)和(he)刑事司法(fa)(fa)銜(xian)接機(ji)制(zhi)，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)嚴懲重罰生態環境(jing)違(wei)法(fa)(fa)犯罪(zui)行(xing)為。
——推進全民共(gong)治。政(zheng)府(fu)、企(qi)(qi)業、公眾各盡(jin)其(qi)責(ze)、共(gong)同發(fa)(fa)力，政(zheng)府(fu)積(ji)極發(fa)(fa)揮主導作用，企(qi)(qi)業主動承擔環(huan)境治理主體(ti)責(ze)任，公眾自覺踐行綠色(se)生活。
五、推動形成綠色發展方式(shi)和生活(huo)方式(shi)
堅持節約優先，加(jia)強源頭管控，轉變發展(zhan)方式，培(pei)育壯(zhuang)大新興產(chan)業(ye)，推(tui)動傳統(tong)產(chan)業(ye)智能(neng)(neng)化、清潔化改造，加(jia)快(kuai)發展(zhan)節能(neng)(neng)環保產(chan)業(ye)，全面節約能(neng)(neng)源資源，協同推(tui)動經濟高質量發展(zhan)和生態環境(jing)高水(shui)平保護。
（一(yi)）促進(jin)(jin)經濟(ji)綠(lv)色(se)低碳循(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。對重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)、重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)域(yu)、重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)行(xing)業(ye)和(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)布局開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)規(gui)劃環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)，調整優化(hua)(hua)(hua)不符合(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)定(ding)位的產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)布局、規(gui)模和(he)(he)結構(gou)。嚴格(ge)控(kong)制重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)域(yu)、重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境風險項(xiang)目。對國家級新(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、工業(ye)園區(qu)(qu)(qu)、高(gao)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)等進(jin)(jin)行(xing)集中整治(zhi)，限期(qi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)達(da)標改(gai)造(zao)。加快城(cheng)市建成區(qu)(qu)(qu)、重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)域(yu)的重(zhong)污染企(qi)(qi)業(ye)和(he)(he)危險化(hua)(hua)(hua)學品(pin)(pin)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)搬遷改(gai)造(zao)，2018年年底前，相關(guan)城(cheng)市政府就(jiu)此制定(ding)專(zhuan)項(xiang)計(ji)劃并向社會公開(kai)(kai)。促進(jin)(jin)傳統產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)優化(hua)(hua)(hua)升級，構(gou)建綠(lv)色(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈體系。繼(ji)續化(hua)(hua)(hua)解過(guo)剩產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，嚴禁鋼(gang)鐵、水泥、電解鋁、平板玻璃等行(xing)業(ye)新(xin)增產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，對確(que)有必要(yao)新(xin)建的必須(xu)實施等量或減量置換。加快推(tui)進(jin)(jin)危險化(hua)(hua)(hua)學品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)搬遷改(gai)造(zao)工程。提高(gao)污染排(pai)放標準(zhun)，加大(da)鋼(gang)鐵等重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)行(xing)業(ye)落后(hou)(hou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)淘汰力(li)度(du)，鼓勵各(ge)地制定(ding)范(fan)圍(wei)更廣、標準(zhun)更嚴的落后(hou)(hou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)淘汰政策。構(gou)建市場導(dao)向的綠(lv)色(se)技術創新(xin)體系，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)命周期(qi)綠(lv)色(se)管(guan)(guan)理。大(da)力(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)、清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)、清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)，加強(qiang)科(ke)技創新(xin)引領，著力(li)引導(dao)綠(lv)色(se)消費(fei)，大(da)力(li)提高(gao)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)保、資源(yuan)(yuan)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)利(li)用等綠(lv)色(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)技術裝備(bei)水平，培育發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)一(yi)批骨干(gan)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)。大(da)力(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境服務業(ye)，推(tui)行(xing)合(he)(he)同(tong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)理、合(he)(he)同(tong)節水管(guan)(guan)理，積極探索(suo)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境托(tuo)管(guan)(guan)服務等新(xin)模式。鼓勵新(xin)業(ye)態發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和(he)(he)模式創新(xin)。在能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)、冶金、建材(cai)、有色(se)、化(hua)(hua)(hua)工、電鍍、造(zao)紙、印染、農副食品(pin)(pin)加工等行(xing)業(ye)，全(quan)(quan)面推(tui)進(jin)(jin)清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)改(gai)造(zao)或清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)化(hua)(hua)(hua)改(gai)造(zao)。
（二）推(tui)進能源(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)全(quan)面節(jie)(jie)約。強化(hua)能源(yuan)和(he)(he)水資(zi)源(yuan)消耗(hao)(hao)、建(jian)設用地(di)(di)等總(zong)量和(he)(he)強度雙(shuang)控(kong)行(xing)動，實行(xing)最嚴(yan)格的(de)耕地(di)(di)保護、節(jie)(jie)約用地(di)(di)和(he)(he)水資(zi)源(yuan)管(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度。實施國家(jia)節(jie)(jie)水行(xing)動，完(wan)善(shan)水價形成機制(zhi)，推(tui)進節(jie)(jie)水型社會和(he)(he)節(jie)(jie)水型城市建(jian)設，到2020年(nian)，全(quan)國用水總(zong)量控(kong)制(zhi)在6700億(yi)立方米以內。健全(quan)節(jie)(jie)能、節(jie)(jie)水、節(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)、節(jie)(jie)材、節(jie)(jie)礦標準(zhun)體系，大幅降低(di)重點行(xing)業和(he)(he)企業能耗(hao)(hao)、物耗(hao)(hao)，推(tui)行(xing)生產(chan)者責任延伸制(zhi)度，實現(xian)生產(chan)系統(tong)(tong)和(he)(he)生活系統(tong)(tong)循(xun)環(huan)鏈接(jie)。鼓(gu)勵新(xin)建(jian)建(jian)筑(zhu)采用綠(lv)色建(jian)材，大力(li)發展裝配式建(jian)筑(zhu)，提高新(xin)建(jian)綠(lv)色建(jian)筑(zhu)比例。以北方采暖(nuan)地(di)(di)區為重點，推(tui)進既有(you)居住(zhu)建(jian)筑(zhu)節(jie)(jie)能改造(zao)。積(ji)極應對氣(qi)候(hou)變(bian)化(hua)，采取有(you)力(li)措施確保完(wan)成2020年(nian)控(kong)制(zhi)溫室氣(qi)體排放行(xing)動目(mu)標。扎(zha)實推(tui)進全(quan)國碳(tan)排放權交易市場建(jian)設，統(tong)(tong)籌深化(hua)低(di)碳(tan)試點。
（三）引導公眾綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色生活。加強生態(tai)文明宣傳教(jiao)育，倡(chang)導簡約(yue)適度、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色低碳的生活方式，反對奢(she)侈浪(lang)費和不合理消費。開展(zhan)創建綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色家庭、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色學校、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色社區、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色商(shang)場、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色餐館等行(xing)動。推行(xing)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色消費，出(chu)臺快遞業(ye)、共享經(jing)濟等新業(ye)態(tai)的規范(fan)標(biao)準，推廣(guang)環(huan)境標(biao)志產品(pin)、有(you)機產品(pin)等綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色產品(pin)。提(ti)倡(chang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色居住，節約(yue)用水用電，合理控制夏季(ji)空調和冬(dong)季(ji)取(qu)暖室內溫度。大力(li)發展(zhan)公共交(jiao)通，鼓勵自行(xing)車、步行(xing)等綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色出(chu)行(xing)。
六、堅決打贏藍天保衛戰
編制實施打贏藍(lan)天保衛戰三年作戰計劃，以(yi)京津冀及周邊、長三角、汾(fen)渭平原等重點區(qu)域(yu)為主(zhu)戰場，調整優化(hua)產業結(jie)構(gou)、能源(yuan)結(jie)構(gou)、運(yun)輸(shu)結(jie)構(gou)、用地(di)結(jie)構(gou)，強(qiang)化(hua)區(qu)域(yu)聯防聯控和重污染(ran)天氣應(ying)對，進一步明顯(xian)降低PM2.5濃度，明顯(xian)減少重污染(ran)天數，明顯(xian)改善大氣環境質量，明顯(xian)增強(qiang)人民的藍(lan)天幸福(fu)感。
（一(yi)）加(jia)強工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)大氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)染綜合治(zhi)理(li)。全(quan)面整(zheng)治(zhi)“散亂污(wu)(wu)”企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)及集群，實(shi)行拉網(wang)(wang)式(shi)排(pai)查(cha)和清(qing)單(dan)式(shi)、臺賬(zhang)式(shi)、網(wang)(wang)格(ge)化管(guan)理(li)，分類(lei)實(shi)施(shi)關(guan)停(ting)取締、整(zheng)合搬遷、整(zheng)改(gai)提升等(deng)措施(shi)，京津冀(ji)及周(zhou)邊區域2018年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底前完(wan)成，其他重點區域2019年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底前完(wan)成。堅決(jue)關(guan)停(ting)用地(di)、工(gong)(gong)商手續(xu)不全(quan)并難以通(tong)過改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)達標(biao)的(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，限(xian)期治(zhi)理(li)可以達標(biao)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，逾期依法一(yi)律關(guan)停(ting)。強化工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)無組織排(pai)放管(guan)理(li)，推(tui)進揮發(fa)性有機(ji)(ji)物(wu)排(pai)放綜合整(zheng)治(zhi)，開展大氣(qi)氨(an)排(pai)放控制試點。到2020年(nian)(nian)，揮發(fa)性有機(ji)(ji)物(wu)排(pai)放總量比2015年(nian)(nian)下(xia)降10%以上。重點區域和大氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)染嚴重城市加(jia)大鋼(gang)鐵(tie)、鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao)、煉(lian)焦、建材、電解鋁(lv)等(deng)產能壓(ya)減力度，實(shi)施(shi)大氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)染物(wu)特別排(pai)放限(xian)值(zhi)。加(jia)大排(pai)放高、污(wu)(wu)染重的(de)(de)煤(mei)電機(ji)(ji)組淘汰力度，在重點區域加(jia)快推(tui)進。到2020年(nian)(nian)，具備改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)條件(jian)的(de)(de)燃(ran)煤(mei)電廠(chang)全(quan)部完(wan)成超低排(pai)放改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)，重點區域不具備改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)條件(jian)的(de)(de)高污(wu)(wu)染燃(ran)煤(mei)電廠(chang)逐步關(guan)停(ting)。推(tui)動鋼(gang)鐵(tie)等(deng)行業(ye)(ye)超低排(pai)放改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)。
（二）大力推進散(san)煤(mei)治理和(he)煤(mei)炭消費(fei)(fei)(fei)減量(liang)(liang)替代。增加(jia)(jia)清潔(jie)能源使用(yong)，拓(tuo)寬(kuan)清潔(jie)能源消納(na)渠道，落實可再(zai)生能源發電全額保障性(xing)收(shou)購(gou)政策。安(an)全高(gao)(gao)(gao)效發展核(he)電。推動清潔(jie)低碳能源優先上網。加(jia)(jia)快重(zhong)點(dian)輸(shu)電通道建設，提高(gao)(gao)(gao)重(zhong)點(dian)區(qu)域(yu)接受外輸(shu)電比(bi)例。因地(di)制宜、加(jia)(jia)快實施(shi)北方地(di)區(qu)冬季清潔(jie)取暖五年(nian)規劃(hua)。鼓勵余熱、淺層(ceng)地(di)熱能等清潔(jie)能源取暖。加(jia)(jia)強煤(mei)層(ceng)氣（煤(mei)礦(kuang)瓦斯(si)）綜合(he)利用(yong)，實施(shi)生物天(tian)然氣工程。到2020年(nian)，京(jing)津冀及(ji)(ji)(ji)周邊、汾渭平原的平原地(di)區(qu)基(ji)(ji)本完(wan)成生活(huo)和(he)冬季取暖散(san)煤(mei)替代；北京(jing)、天(tian)津、河北、山東、河南及(ji)(ji)(ji)珠(zhu)三角區(qu)域(yu)煤(mei)炭消費(fei)(fei)(fei)總(zong)量(liang)(liang)比(bi)2015年(nian)均下降10%左右(you)，上海(hai)、江蘇(su)、浙(zhe)江、安(an)徽(hui)及(ji)(ji)(ji)汾渭平原煤(mei)炭消費(fei)(fei)(fei)總(zong)量(liang)(liang)均下降5%左右(you)；重(zhong)點(dian)區(qu)域(yu)基(ji)(ji)本淘汰(tai)每(mei)小時35蒸噸以下燃煤(mei)鍋爐。推廣清潔(jie)高(gao)(gao)(gao)效燃煤(mei)鍋爐。
（三(san)）打(da)好柴油(you)(you)(you)貨(huo)(huo)車(che)(che)污染治(zhi)理攻堅戰。以(yi)開(kai)展柴油(you)(you)(you)貨(huo)(huo)車(che)(che)超標(biao)(biao)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)專項(xiang)整治(zhi)為抓(zhua)手(shou)，統籌(chou)開(kai)展油(you)(you)(you)、路(lu)、車(che)(che)治(zhi)理和(he)(he)(he)機動(dong)車(che)(che)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)污染防(fang)治(zhi)。嚴(yan)(yan)厲(li)打(da)擊生產銷售不(bu)達標(biao)(biao)車(che)(che)輛、排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)檢驗機構(gou)檢測(ce)弄虛(xu)作假等違(wei)法(fa)行為。加快淘(tao)(tao)汰老(lao)舊車(che)(che)，鼓(gu)勵(li)清潔(jie)能源(yuan)車(che)(che)輛、船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶的推廣(guang)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。建(jian)設“天地(di)車(che)(che)人”一(yi)體化的機動(dong)車(che)(che)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)監(jian)控系統，完(wan)善機動(dong)車(che)(che)遙感監(jian)測(ce)網絡。推進鋼鐵(tie)、電力、電解鋁、焦化等重(zhong)(zhong)點工(gong)業(ye)企業(ye)和(he)(he)(he)工(gong)業(ye)園區貨(huo)(huo)物由公路(lu)運(yun)輸轉向鐵(tie)路(lu)運(yun)輸。顯著提高重(zhong)(zhong)點區域大宗(zong)貨(huo)(huo)物鐵(tie)路(lu)水(shui)路(lu)貨(huo)(huo)運(yun)比(bi)例，提高沿海(hai)港口(kou)集裝箱鐵(tie)路(lu)集疏港比(bi)例。重(zhong)(zhong)點區域提前實施機動(dong)車(che)(che)國六排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)標(biao)(biao)準，嚴(yan)(yan)格實施船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶和(he)(he)(he)非(fei)道(dao)路(lu)移動(dong)機械(xie)(xie)大氣排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)標(biao)(biao)準。鼓(gu)勵(li)淘(tao)(tao)汰老(lao)舊船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶、工(gong)程(cheng)機械(xie)(xie)和(he)(he)(he)農業(ye)機械(xie)(xie)。落實珠三(san)角、長(chang)三(san)角、環(huan)渤海(hai)京津冀水(shui)域船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)控制區管理政策(ce)，全(quan)國主要(yao)港口(kou)和(he)(he)(he)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)控制區內港口(kou)靠港船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶率先(xian)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)岸(an)電。到2020年(nian)，長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)干線、西江(jiang)(jiang)航運(yun)干線、京杭運(yun)河(he)水(shui)上服務區和(he)(he)(he)待(dai)閘錨(mao)地(di)基(ji)本具備(bei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶岸(an)電供(gong)應能力。2019年(nian)1月1日起，全(quan)國供(gong)應符(fu)合(he)國六標(biao)(biao)準的車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)汽油(you)(you)(you)和(he)(he)(he)車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)柴油(you)(you)(you)，力爭重(zhong)(zhong)點區域提前供(gong)應。盡快實現車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)柴油(you)(you)(you)、普(pu)通(tong)柴油(you)(you)(you)和(he)(he)(he)部分(fen)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶用(yong)(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)標(biao)(biao)準并軌。內河(he)和(he)(he)(he)江(jiang)(jiang)海(hai)直達船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶必(bi)須使用(yong)(yong)(yong)硫含量(liang)不(bu)大于(yu)10毫(hao)克/千克的柴油(you)(you)(you)。嚴(yan)(yan)厲(li)打(da)擊生產、銷售和(he)(he)(he)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)標(biao)(biao)車(che)(che)（船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)）用(yong)(yong)(yong)燃(ran)料行為，徹底清除黑(hei)加油(you)(you)(you)站點。
（四(si)）強化(hua)國(guo)土綠(lv)化(hua)和(he)揚塵管控。積極推(tui)進露(lu)天礦山(shan)綜合整(zheng)治，加快環境修復和(he)綠(lv)化(hua)。開展大規模(mo)國(guo)土綠(lv)化(hua)行動，加強北方防沙帶建設，實施京津風沙源治理工(gong)程、重點防護林(lin)工(gong)程，增(zeng)加林(lin)草覆蓋率。在城市(shi)功(gong)能疏解、更新和(he)調整(zheng)中，將騰(teng)退(tui)空間優先用(yong)于留白(bai)增(zeng)綠(lv)。落(luo)實城市(shi)道路(lu)和(he)城市(shi)范圍(wei)內施工(gong)工(gong)地(di)等揚塵管控。
（五(wu)）有效應對(dui)重(zhong)污染(ran)(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)。強(qiang)化(hua)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)區域聯(lian)(lian)防聯(lian)(lian)控聯(lian)(lian)治，統一(yi)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)警(jing)分(fen)級標準、信息發布、應急響應，提(ti)(ti)前采取(qu)應急減排措施，實施區域應急聯(lian)(lian)動，有效降低污染(ran)(ran)程度(du)。完善應急預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)案，明(ming)確(que)政府、部門(men)及(ji)(ji)企(qi)業(ye)的應急責任，科學確(que)定重(zhong)污染(ran)(ran)期(qi)間管(guan)控措施和污染(ran)(ran)源減排清單。指(zhi)導公眾做(zuo)好重(zhong)污染(ran)(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)健康(kang)防護。推(tui)進預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)測預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)報(bao)(bao)(bao)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)警(jing)體系(xi)建(jian)設(she)，2018年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底前，進一(yi)步提(ti)(ti)升國家(jia)級空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)質量(liang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)報(bao)(bao)(bao)能力(li)(li)(li)，區域預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)報(bao)(bao)(bao)中心(xin)具(ju)備7至(zhi)10天(tian)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)質量(liang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)報(bao)(bao)(bao)能力(li)(li)(li)，省級預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)報(bao)(bao)(bao)中心(xin)具(ju)備7天(tian)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)質量(liang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)報(bao)(bao)(bao)能力(li)(li)(li)并(bing)精確(que)到(dao)(dao)所轄各城(cheng)市。重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)區域采暖季節，對(dui)鋼鐵、焦化(hua)、建(jian)材(cai)、鑄造(zao)、電解鋁(lv)、化(hua)工(gong)等重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)行業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)實施錯(cuo)峰生(sheng)產。重(zhong)污染(ran)(ran)期(qi)間，對(dui)鋼鐵、焦化(hua)、有色、電力(li)(li)(li)、化(hua)工(gong)等涉(she)及(ji)(ji)大宗原材(cai)料及(ji)(ji)產品運(yun)輸的重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)實施錯(cuo)峰運(yun)輸；強(qiang)化(hua)城(cheng)市建(jian)設(she)施工(gong)工(gong)地揚塵管(guan)控措施，加強(qiang)道路機掃。依法嚴禁(jin)秸稈露天(tian)焚燒(shao)，全面(mian)推(tui)進綜合利用(yong)。到(dao)(dao)2020年(nian)(nian)，地級及(ji)(ji)以上城(cheng)市重(zhong)污染(ran)(ran)天(tian)數比2015年(nian)(nian)減少25%。
七、著(zhu)力打好碧水保衛戰
深入實施(shi)水污(wu)染(ran)防治行動計劃，扎實推進河長制湖長制，堅(jian)持污(wu)染(ran)減排和(he)生態擴容兩手發力，加快工業、農業、生活(huo)污(wu)染(ran)源和(he)水生態系統整治，保障飲用(yong)水安全(quan)，消除城市黑(hei)臭水體，減少(shao)污(wu)染(ran)嚴重水體和(he)不達(da)標水體。
（一）打(da)好水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)地(di)保護(hu)攻堅戰。加強水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、出廠水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、管(guan)網水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、末梢水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)全過程管(guan)理。劃定集(ji)中式飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保護(hu)區(qu)，推(tui)進規范(fan)化(hua)建(jian)設(she)。強化(hua)南水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)北調(diao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)地(di)及(ji)沿線生態環境保護(hu)。深化(hua)地(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)污染防治(zhi)。全面排查(cha)和整(zheng)治(zhi)縣(xian)級(ji)及(ji)以(yi)上城市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保護(hu)區(qu)內的(de)違法違規問題，長江經濟帶于2018年年底(di)前、其(qi)他地(di)區(qu)于2019年年底(di)前完成。單一水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)地(di)級(ji)及(ji)以(yi)上城市應當建(jian)設(she)應急水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)或備用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)。定期監（檢）測(ce)、評估集(ji)中式飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)、供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)單位供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和用(yong)戶水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)龍頭水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質狀況(kuang)，縣(xian)級(ji)及(ji)以(yi)上城市至(zhi)少每(mei)季度向社會公開一次。
（二(er)）打好城(cheng)市黑臭(chou)(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體治理(li)(li)攻堅戰。實施(shi)城(cheng)鎮污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)“提質增效”三(san)年行(xing)動，加快(kuai)(kuai)補齊城(cheng)鎮污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)集和處(chu)理(li)(li)設(she)施(shi)短(duan)板(ban)，盡快(kuai)(kuai)實現污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)網全覆(fu)蓋、全收(shou)集、全處(chu)理(li)(li)。完善污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)收(shou)費(fei)政策，各地(di)要按規定(ding)將污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)收(shou)費(fei)標準盡快(kuai)(kuai)調整到位，原則上(shang)應補償到污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)和污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥處(chu)置設(she)施(shi)正常(chang)運營并合(he)理(li)(li)盈利。對中西部地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，中央財政給予適當支(zhi)持(chi)。加強城(cheng)市初期雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)集處(chu)理(li)(li)設(she)施(shi)建設(she)，有效減少城(cheng)市面(mian)(mian)源污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染。到2020年，地(di)級(ji)及以(yi)上(shang)城(cheng)市建成區(qu)(qu)(qu)黑臭(chou)(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體消除(chu)比例達(da)90%以(yi)上(shang)。鼓勵京津冀、長三(san)角(jiao)、珠三(san)角(jiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域城(cheng)市建成區(qu)(qu)(qu)盡早全面(mian)(mian)消除(chu)黑臭(chou)(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體。
（三）打好(hao)長江(jiang)保(bao)護(hu)修復攻堅(jian)戰。開展長江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)域生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)隱患和環(huan)境風(feng)險調查(cha)評估，劃(hua)(hua)定高風(feng)險區域，從嚴實(shi)施(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境風(feng)險防(fang)(fang)控(kong)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。優化長江(jiang)經濟帶產(chan)(chan)業(ye)布局和規(gui)模，嚴禁污(wu)染(ran)型產(chan)(chan)業(ye)、企業(ye)向上(shang)中游地區轉移。排(pai)(pai)查(cha)整治(zhi)入河(he)入湖(hu)排(pai)(pai)污(wu)口(kou)及不(bu)(bu)達(da)標(biao)(biao)水(shui)體(ti)，市(shi)、縣級政(zheng)府制(zhi)定實(shi)施(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)達(da)標(biao)(biao)水(shui)體(ti)限期達(da)標(biao)(biao)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)。到2020年，長江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)域基本(ben)消除(chu)劣Ⅴ類(lei)水(shui)體(ti)。強(qiang)化船(chuan)舶和港(gang)口(kou)污(wu)染(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)，現有船(chuan)舶到2020年全部(bu)完成達(da)標(biao)(biao)改造，港(gang)口(kou)、船(chuan)舶修造廠環(huan)衛(wei)設施(shi)(shi)、污(wu)水(shui)處理設施(shi)(shi)納入城(cheng)市(shi)設施(shi)(shi)建設規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)。加強(qiang)沿河(he)環(huan)湖(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)，修復濕地等(deng)水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系統，因(yin)地制(zhi)宜建設人工濕地水(shui)質凈(jing)化工程(cheng)。實(shi)施(shi)(shi)長江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)域上(shang)中游水(shui)庫群聯合調度(du)，保(bao)障干流(liu)(liu)、主要支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)和湖(hu)泊(bo)基本(ben)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)用水(shui)。
（四(si)）打好(hao)渤海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)綜合治(zhi)理(li)攻堅戰(zhan)。以(yi)渤海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)區的(de)渤海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)灣(wan)、遼東灣(wan)、萊州灣(wan)、遼河口(kou)、黃河口(kou)等(deng)為重點，推(tui)(tui)動河口(kou)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)灣(wan)綜合整治(zhi)。全面整治(zhi)入(ru)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)污(wu)(wu)染源，規范入(ru)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)排(pai)污(wu)(wu)口(kou)設置，全部(bu)清(qing)理(li)非法排(pai)污(wu)(wu)口(kou)。嚴格控(kong)制海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)水養殖等(deng)造成的(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上污(wu)(wu)染，推(tui)(tui)進(jin)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋垃(la)圾防治(zhi)和(he)清(qing)理(li)。率先在渤海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)實(shi)施主要(yao)污(wu)(wu)染物(wu)排(pai)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)總量控(kong)制制度，強(qiang)化陸海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)污(wu)(wu)染聯防聯控(kong)，加(jia)強(qiang)入(ru)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)河流治(zhi)理(li)與監管。實(shi)施最嚴格的(de)圍填(tian)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)和(he)岸(an)線開發管控(kong)，統籌安排(pai)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋空間(jian)利(li)用活動。渤海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)禁(jin)止審(shen)批新增圍填(tian)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)項(xiang)目(mu)，引(yin)導符(fu)合國(guo)家產業政(zheng)策的(de)項(xiang)目(mu)消化存量圍填(tian)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)資源，已審(shen)批但未開工的(de)項(xiang)目(mu)要(yao)依法重新進(jin)行(xing)評估和(he)清(qing)理(li)。
（五）打好農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)污染(ran)治(zhi)理(li)攻堅戰(zhan)。以(yi)建設美(mei)麗(li)宜居(ju)村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)為導向(xiang)，持(chi)續開展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)人(ren)(ren)居(ju)環境(jing)整治(zhi)行動，實現全(quan)國行政村(cun)(cun)環境(jing)整治(zhi)全(quan)覆蓋。到(dao)2020年，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)人(ren)(ren)居(ju)環境(jing)明顯改善，村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)環境(jing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)干凈整潔有(you)(you)序，東部(bu)地(di)區(qu)、中西(xi)部(bu)城市近(jin)郊區(qu)等有(you)(you)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎、有(you)(you)條件的地(di)區(qu)人(ren)(ren)居(ju)環境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)全(quan)面提(ti)升，管護長效機制初步建立；中西(xi)部(bu)有(you)(you)較好基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎、基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)具(ju)備(bei)條件的地(di)區(qu)力爭(zheng)實現90%左(zuo)右的村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)得(de)到(dao)治(zhi)理(li)，衛生(sheng)(sheng)廁所普(pu)及(ji)率(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)85%左(zuo)右，生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污水(shui)(shui)亂(luan)排亂(luan)放得(de)到(dao)管控(kong)(kong)。減(jian)少化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥使用(yong)量(liang)，制修(xiu)訂并嚴格(ge)執(zhi)行化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥等農(nong)(nong)(nong)業投(tou)入(ru)品質(zhi)量(liang)標準，嚴格(ge)控(kong)(kong)制高(gao)毒高(gao)風險農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥使用(yong)，推(tui)進有(you)(you)機肥(fei)替代化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)、病蟲害綠色防控(kong)(kong)替代化(hua)(hua)學防治(zhi)和廢(fei)棄(qi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)膜回收，完善廢(fei)舊地(di)膜和包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)廢(fei)棄(qi)物等回收處理(li)制度。到(dao)2020年，化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥使用(yong)量(liang)實現零增(zeng)長。堅持(chi)種植和養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)相結合，就地(di)就近(jin)消納利(li)用(yong)畜禽(qin)養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)廢(fei)棄(qi)物。合理(li)布局水(shui)(shui)產養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)空(kong)間，深入(ru)推(tui)進水(shui)(shui)產健康養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)，開展(zhan)重點(dian)(dian)江河(he)湖庫及(ji)重點(dian)(dian)近(jin)岸海域破壞生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)的養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)方式綜合整治(zhi)。到(dao)2020年，全(quan)國畜禽(qin)糞(fen)(fen)污綜合利(li)用(yong)率(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)75%以(yi)上，規模養(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)場糞(fen)(fen)污處理(li)設施(shi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)配套(tao)率(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)95%以(yi)上。
八、扎實推(tui)進凈土保(bao)衛戰
全面實(shi)施土壤污(wu)染(ran)防治行動計劃，突出重點區域(yu)、行業和(he)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)，有效管控(kong)農用(yong)地(di)和(he)城(cheng)市(shi)建設用(yong)地(di)土壤環(huan)境(jing)風險。
（一）強(qiang)化土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)(wu)染管(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)和(he)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)。加強(qiang)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)分(fen)類(lei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理。嚴(yan)格管(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)重(zhong)(zhong)度污(wu)(wu)染耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)，嚴(yan)禁在重(zhong)(zhong)度污(wu)(wu)染耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)種植食用(yong)(yong)(yong)農產品。實施耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)理保護(hu)重(zhong)(zhong)大工程，開(kai)展(zhan)重(zhong)(zhong)點地(di)(di)區涉重(zhong)(zhong)金屬行業(ye)排查和(he)整治(zhi)。2018年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底前，完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)農用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)(wu)染狀況(kuang)詳(xiang)查。2020年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底前，編制完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量分(fen)類(lei)清單。建(jian)立建(jian)設用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)(wu)染風(feng)險管(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)和(he)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)名錄(lu)，列入(ru)名錄(lu)且(qie)未完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)治(zhi)理修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)的地(di)(di)塊(kuai)不(bu)得(de)作為住宅、公共管(guan)(guan)(guan)理與公共服(fu)務(wu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)。建(jian)立污(wu)(wu)染地(di)(di)塊(kuai)聯動(dong)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)機制，將建(jian)設用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理要求納入(ru)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)規劃和(he)供地(di)(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理，嚴(yan)格控(kong)制用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)準入(ru)，強(qiang)化暫不(bu)開(kai)發(fa)污(wu)(wu)染地(di)(di)塊(kuai)的風(feng)險管(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)。2020年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底前，完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)點行業(ye)企業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)(wu)染狀況(kuang)調查。嚴(yan)格土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)(wu)染重(zhong)(zhong)點行業(ye)企業(ye)搬遷改造過(guo)程中拆除(chu)活(huo)動(dong)的環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)。
（二）加快推(tui)進(jin)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)類(lei)處理(li)。到2020年，實現所(suo)有城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)和縣城(cheng)生活(huo)(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)處理(li)能(neng)力全覆蓋(gai)，基(ji)本(ben)完(wan)成(cheng)非正規垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)堆放點整治；直轄市(shi)(shi)、計劃單列市(shi)(shi)、省會城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)和第一批分(fen)類(lei)示范城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)基(ji)本(ben)建成(cheng)生活(huo)(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)類(lei)處理(li)系統。推(tui)進(jin)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)資(zi)源化(hua)(hua)利(li)(li)用，大力發(fa)展垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)焚燒發(fa)電。推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)村(cun)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)就地分(fen)類(lei)、資(zi)源化(hua)(hua)利(li)(li)用和處理(li)，建立農(nong)村(cun)有機廢棄(qi)物收集、轉化(hua)(hua)、利(li)(li)用網絡(luo)體系。
（三(san)）強化(hua)固(gu)體(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)污(wu)染防治(zhi)。全(quan)面禁止(zhi)洋垃圾入(ru)境(jing)，嚴厲打擊走私，大(da)幅減(jian)少固(gu)體(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)進(jin)(jin)口種類和數(shu)量，力爭(zheng)2020年(nian)年(nian)底(di)前基(ji)本實現固(gu)體(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)零進(jin)(jin)口。開展(zhan)“無(wu)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)城(cheng)市”試點，推動(dong)(dong)固(gu)體(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)資(zi)源化(hua)利用(yong)。調查、評(ping)估重點工業行業危險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)產(chan)生(sheng)、貯存(cun)、利用(yong)、處置情況。完善危險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)經營許可(ke)、轉(zhuan)移(yi)(yi)等管理(li)(li)制度，建立信息化(hua)監管體(ti)(ti)系，提升危險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)處理(li)(li)處置能力，實施(shi)全(quan)過程(cheng)監管。嚴厲打擊危險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)非(fei)法(fa)跨界轉(zhuan)移(yi)(yi)、傾倒等違法(fa)犯罪活動(dong)(dong)。深入(ru)推進(jin)(jin)長江經濟(ji)帶固(gu)體(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)大(da)排(pai)查活動(dong)(dong)。評(ping)估有(you)毒有(you)害化(hua)學品(pin)在生(sheng)態環境(jing)中的風險(xian)(xian)狀況，嚴格(ge)限制高風險(xian)(xian)化(hua)學品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)、使用(yong)、進(jin)(jin)出口，并逐步淘汰、替代。
九、加(jia)快生態保護與(yu)修(xiu)復(fu)
堅持自然(ran)恢復(fu)為主(zhu)，統籌開展全國生態保護與修(xiu)復(fu)，全面劃(hua)定(ding)并嚴(yan)守(shou)生態保護紅線，提升(sheng)生態系統質量和(he)穩(wen)定(ding)性。
（一）劃(hua)(hua)定(ding)并嚴(yan)守生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。按(an)照應保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)盡保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、應劃(hua)(hua)盡劃(hua)(hua)的(de)原則(ze)，將生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功(gong)能重(zhong)要區(qu)域(yu)、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境敏感脆弱區(qu)域(yu)納入(ru)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。到2020年(nian)，全(quan)面完成(cheng)全(quan)國生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)劃(hua)(hua)定(ding)、勘(kan)界定(ding)標，形成(cheng)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)全(quan)國“一張圖”，實(shi)現一條紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)控重(zhong)要生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)空間。制定(ding)實(shi)施生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)理辦法、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)修復方案，建(jian)設國家(jia)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)監管(guan)平(ping)臺，開(kai)展生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)監測(ce)預警與評估考核。
（二(er)）堅決(jue)查(cha)處生(sheng)態破(po)壞行(xing)(xing)(xing)為。2018年(nian)年(nian)底(di)前，縣(xian)級及以上地方(fang)政府全面排(pai)查(cha)違(wei)法違(wei)規擠占生(sheng)態空間(jian)、破(po)壞自然遺跡(ji)等行(xing)(xing)(xing)為，制定治理和(he)修復計劃(hua)并向社(she)會公(gong)開。開展病危險(xian)尾礦(kuang)庫(ku)和(he)“頭頂庫(ku)”專(zhuan)項整治。持續開展“綠(lv)盾(dun)”自然保護區監督檢查(cha)專(zhuan)項行(xing)(xing)(xing)動，嚴肅查(cha)處各類違(wei)法違(wei)規行(xing)(xing)(xing)為，限(xian)期進行(xing)(xing)(xing)整治修復。
（三）建立(li)以(yi)國(guo)家(jia)公園(yuan)為(wei)主體的自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)地(di)體系。到2020年，完(wan)成全(quan)國(guo)自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區范(fan)圍界(jie)限核(he)準和勘界(jie)立(li)標，整(zheng)合(he)設立(li)一批(pi)國(guo)家(jia)公園(yuan)，自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)地(di)相(xiang)關法(fa)規和管(guan)理制度(du)基本建立(li)。對生態嚴重退(tui)化(hua)地(di)區實(shi)行封禁(jin)管(guan)理，穩步(bu)實(shi)施退(tui)耕還(huan)林還(huan)草(cao)和退(tui)牧(mu)(mu)還(huan)草(cao)，擴大輪作休(xiu)(xiu)耕試點(dian)，全(quan)面推(tui)(tui)行草(cao)原禁(jin)牧(mu)(mu)休(xiu)(xiu)牧(mu)(mu)和草(cao)畜平衡制度(du)。依(yi)法(fa)依(yi)規解(jie)決自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)地(di)內的礦業權合(he)理退(tui)出問題。全(quan)面保(bao)(bao)護(hu)天(tian)然(ran)林，推(tui)(tui)進荒漠化(hua)、石(shi)漠化(hua)、水土流(liu)失綜合(he)治(zhi)理，強化(hua)濕地(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和恢復。加強休(xiu)(xiu)漁禁(jin)漁管(guan)理，推(tui)(tui)進長(chang)江、渤(bo)海(hai)等重點(dian)水域禁(jin)捕(bu)限捕(bu)，加強海(hai)洋牧(mu)(mu)場(chang)建設，加大漁業資源增殖放流(liu)。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)耕地(di)草(cao)原森林河流(liu)湖泊海(hai)洋休(xiu)(xiu)養生息。
十、改(gai)革完善生態環境治(zhi)理體系
深化生態(tai)環境保(bao)護管理(li)體制(zhi)改革(ge)，完善生態(tai)環境管理(li)制(zhi)度(du)，加快構建生態(tai)環境治(zhi)理(li)體系(xi)，健全保(bao)障舉措(cuo)，增強系(xi)統性和(he)完整性，大幅(fu)提升治(zhi)理(li)能力。
（一）完(wan)善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)系。整合(he)(he)(he)分散(san)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)職(zhi)責，強化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)修復和(he)污染防治(zhi)統一監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，建(jian)立(li)健全生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)領導和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)、激勵約束并舉的(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)體(ti)(ti)系、政(zheng)府企業公眾共治(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系。全面(mian)完(wan)成省以(yi)下生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)機構(gou)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)執法(fa)垂直管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)改革(ge)，推(tui)(tui)進綜合(he)(he)(he)執法(fa)隊伍特別是(shi)基層隊伍的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力(li)建(jian)設。完(wan)善(shan)農村環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)理(li)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)。健全區域(yu)(yu)(yu)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)海(hai)域(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)，推(tui)(tui)進跨地(di)(di)區環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)機構(gou)試(shi)點，加快(kuai)組建(jian)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)執法(fa)機構(gou)，按(an)海(hai)域(yu)(yu)(yu)設置(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)機構(gou)。建(jian)立(li)獨立(li)權威高效的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)體(ti)(ti)系，構(gou)建(jian)天(tian)地(di)(di)一體(ti)(ti)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)網絡，實(shi)現國(guo)家(jia)和(he)區域(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)預報預警和(he)質(zhi)(zhi)控，按(an)照適(shi)度(du)上(shang)收生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)事權的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求加快(kuai)推(tui)(tui)進有關工(gong)作(zuo)。省級黨委和(he)政(zheng)府加快(kuai)確(que)定(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)紅線(xian)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)底線(xian)、資源(yuan)利用上(shang)線(xian)，制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)準入清單(dan)，在(zai)地(di)(di)方(fang)立(li)法(fa)、政(zheng)策(ce)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)、規劃編制(zhi)(zhi)、執法(fa)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)中不(bu)得變通突破、降低(di)標準，不(bu)符合(he)(he)(he)不(bu)銜接不(bu)適(shi)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)于2020年(nian)年(nian)底前(qian)完(wan)成調(diao)整。實(shi)施生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)統一監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。推(tui)(tui)行生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)損害賠償制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。編制(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)規劃，開展全國(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)狀況評估，建(jian)立(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)綜合(he)(he)(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控平臺。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明示范(fan)創建(jian)、綠(lv)水青山(shan)就是(shi)金(jin)山(shan)銀山(shan)實(shi)踐創新基地(di)(di)建(jian)設活動(dong)(dong)。
嚴格生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量管(guan)理。生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量只(zhi)能(neng)更好、不(bu)能(neng)變壞(huai)。生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量達(da)標(biao)地(di)區(qu)要(yao)保持(chi)穩定(ding)(ding)并持(chi)續改(gai)善；生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量不(bu)達(da)標(biao)地(di)區(qu)的(de)市(shi)、縣級政府，要(yao)于(yu)2018年年底前(qian)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)實施(shi)限(xian)(xian)期達(da)標(biao)規劃(hua)，向上(shang)級政府備案并向社會公(gong)開。加快推行排(pai)(pai)(pai)污(wu)許可制(zhi)(zhi)度，對固定(ding)(ding)污(wu)染源實施(shi)全(quan)(quan)過程(cheng)管(guan)理和(he)(he)(he)多(duo)污(wu)染物協同(tong)控制(zhi)(zhi)，按行業(ye)、地(di)區(qu)、時限(xian)(xian)核發排(pai)(pai)(pai)污(wu)許可證(zheng)，全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)落(luo)實企(qi)業(ye)治污(wu)責任，強化(hua)證(zheng)后(hou)監管(guan)和(he)(he)(he)處罰。在長江經濟帶率先實施(shi)入河污(wu)染源排(pai)(pai)(pai)放、排(pai)(pai)(pai)污(wu)口排(pai)(pai)(pai)放和(he)(he)(he)水體(ti)水質聯動(dong)管(guan)理。2020年，將(jiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)污(wu)許可證(zheng)制(zhi)(zhi)度建設成為固定(ding)(ding)源環(huan)境(jing)(jing)管(guan)理核心制(zhi)(zhi)度，實現“一(yi)證(zheng)式”管(guan)理。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)環(huan)保信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)用評價、信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息強制(zhi)(zhi)性披露、嚴懲重罰等(deng)制(zhi)(zhi)度。將(jiang)企(qi)業(ye)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息納(na)入全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息共享平臺和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)企(qi)業(ye)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息公(gong)示(shi)系統(tong)，依法通過“信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)用中國(guo)(guo)”網站和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)企(qi)業(ye)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息公(gong)示(shi)系統(tong)向社會公(gong)示(shi)。監督上(shang)市(shi)公(gong)司、發債企(qi)業(ye)等(deng)市(shi)場主體(ti)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)、及時、準確地(di)披露環(huan)境(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息。建立跨部門聯合獎懲機制(zhi)(zhi)。完善國(guo)(guo)家(jia)核安(an)全(quan)(quan)工作協調機制(zhi)(zhi)，強化(hua)對核安(an)全(quan)(quan)工作的(de)統(tong)籌。
（二）健全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)經(jing)濟政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)體系(xi)。資(zi)金投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)入向污染(ran)防(fang)治攻(gong)堅戰(zhan)傾斜(xie)，堅持投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)入同攻(gong)堅任務相(xiang)匹配，加大(da)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)入力度。逐(zhu)步建立常態(tai)化、穩定(ding)的(de)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)資(zi)金投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)入機制(zhi)。擴大(da)中央財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)支持北方(fang)地區(qu)清潔取暖(nuan)的(de)試點城(cheng)市范圍(wei)，國有(you)資(zi)本(ben)要加大(da)對(dui)(dui)污染(ran)防(fang)治的(de)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)入。完(wan)善居民(min)取暖(nuan)用(yong)氣用(yong)電定(ding)價(jia)機制(zhi)和(he)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。增加中央財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)對(dui)(dui)國家重點生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)功能(neng)區(qu)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅線區(qu)域(yu)等(deng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)功能(neng)重要地區(qu)的(de)轉移(yi)支付(fu)，繼續安排中央預算內投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)對(dui)(dui)重點生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)功能(neng)區(qu)給予支持。各(ge)省（自(zi)治區(qu)、直(zhi)轄(xia)市）合(he)理(li)確定(ding)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)標(biao)準，并逐(zhu)步提高補(bu)(bu)償(chang)水平。完(wan)善助力綠色(se)產業發展的(de)價(jia)格(ge)、財稅(shui)、投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)等(deng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。大(da)力發展綠色(se)信貸、綠色(se)債(zhai)券等(deng)金融(rong)產品。設立國家綠色(se)發展基金。落實有(you)利于資(zi)源節約(yue)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)價(jia)格(ge)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，落實相(xiang)關稅(shui)收優(you)惠政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。研(yan)究對(dui)(dui)從事污染(ran)防(fang)治的(de)第三(san)方(fang)企(qi)(qi)業比照高新技術企(qi)(qi)業實行所得稅(shui)優(you)惠政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，研(yan)究出臺“散亂污”企(qi)(qi)業綜合(he)治理(li)激勵(li)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。推動環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)污染(ran)責任保(bao)(bao)險發展，在環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)高風險領域(yu)建立環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)污染(ran)強制(zhi)責任保(bao)(bao)險制(zhi)度。推進社會化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)治理(li)和(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)。采(cai)用(yong)直(zhi)接投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)、投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)補(bu)(bu)助、運營補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)等(deng)方(fang)式，規(gui)范支持政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府和(he)社會資(zi)本(ben)合(he)作項目；對(dui)(dui)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府實施的(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)績效合(he)同服務項目，公共(gong)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)支付(fu)水平同治理(li)績效掛鉤。鼓勵(li)通(tong)過政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府購買服務方(fang)式實施生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)治理(li)和(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)。
（三）健全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)體(ti)系。依靠法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，增強全(quan)社會(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)意識。加(jia)快建(jian)立綠色生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)消費的(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)制度和政策導向。加(jia)快制定和修改土壤污(wu)染防治(zhi)、固體(ti)廢(fei)物污(wu)染防治(zhi)、長江生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、海洋環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、國家(jia)公園、濕地、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監測、排(pai)污(wu)許(xu)可(ke)、資源綜合(he)(he)利用、空(kong)間規(gui)劃、碳排(pai)放(fang)權交易(yi)管理等方(fang)面的(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)。鼓勵地方(fang)在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)領(ling)(ling)域先(xian)于國家(jia)進行(xing)(xing)立法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。建(jian)立生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)綜合(he)(he)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關、公安機(ji)(ji)(ji)關、檢察機(ji)(ji)(ji)關、審(shen)判機(ji)(ji)(ji)關信息共享、案(an)情通報(bao)、案(an)件移送制度，完善生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)領(ling)(ling)域民(min)事、行(xing)(xing)政公益訴訟制度，加(jia)大生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)犯罪行(xing)(xing)為的(de)制裁和懲處力度。加(jia)強涉(she)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)力量建(jian)設(she)。整合(he)(he)組建(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)綜合(he)(he)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)隊(dui)伍，統(tong)(tong)一實行(xing)(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。將生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)綜合(he)(he)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構列(lie)入(ru)政府行(xing)(xing)政執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構序(xu)列(lie)，推進執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)范化建(jian)設(she)，統(tong)(tong)一著裝、統(tong)(tong)一標識、統(tong)(tong)一證件、統(tong)(tong)一保(bao)(bao)障執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用車和裝備。
（四）強化生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保護(hu)能(neng)力(li)保障(zhang)體(ti)系(xi)。增強科技支撐，開展(zhan)大氣污染成(cheng)因與治(zhi)理(li)、水體(ti)污染控制與治(zhi)理(li)、土(tu)壤污染防(fang)治(zhi)等(deng)重(zhong)(zhong)點領(ling)域科技攻關，實(shi)施京津冀環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合治(zhi)理(li)重(zhong)(zhong)大項目，推(tui)進(jin)區域性(xing)、流(liu)(liu)域性(xing)生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)問題(ti)研(yan)究。完成(cheng)第二(er)次全國(guo)污染源普查。開展(zhan)大數(shu)據應(ying)用和(he)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)承載力(li)監測預警。開展(zhan)重(zhong)(zhong)點區域、流(liu)(liu)域、行業(ye)(ye)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)與健康調查，建(jian)(jian)立風(feng)險(xian)監測網絡及風(feng)險(xian)評估體(ti)系(xi)。健全跨部門、跨區域環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)協(xie)調聯(lian)動機制，建(jian)(jian)立全國(guo)統一的(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)預案電子(zi)備(bei)(bei)案系(xi)統。國(guo)家建(jian)(jian)立環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)物資儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)備(bei)(bei)信(xin)息庫，省(sheng)、市級政府(fu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)物資儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)備(bei)(bei)庫，企業(ye)(ye)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)裝備(bei)(bei)和(he)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)備(bei)(bei)物資應(ying)納入(ru)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)備(bei)(bei)體(ti)系(xi)。落實(shi)全面從(cong)嚴治(zhi)黨(dang)要(yao)(yao)求，建(jian)(jian)設(she)規范化、標準化、專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化的(de)生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保護(hu)人才隊伍(wu)，打造政治(zhi)強、本領(ling)高(gao)、作風(feng)硬、敢擔當，特(te)別(bie)能(neng)吃苦(ku)、特(te)別(bie)能(neng)戰(zhan)斗、特(te)別(bie)能(neng)奉獻的(de)生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保護(hu)鐵軍。按省(sheng)、市、縣、鄉(xiang)不同層級工作職責配備(bei)(bei)相應(ying)工作力(li)量(liang)，保障(zhang)履職需要(yao)(yao)，確(que)保同生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保護(hu)任務相匹配。加強國(guo)際交流(liu)(liu)和(he)履約能(neng)力(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，推(tui)進(jin)生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保護(hu)國(guo)際技術交流(liu)(liu)和(he)務實(shi)合作，支撐核安全和(he)核電共(gong)同走出去，積極推(tui)動落實(shi)2030年可持續(xu)發展(zhan)議程和(he)綠(lv)色“一帶一路”建(jian)(jian)設(she)。
（五(wu)）構建(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)社(she)(she)會(hui)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)體系。把(ba)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)納入(ru)國民教育體系和黨政(zheng)(zheng)領導(dao)干部培訓體系，推(tui)進國家(jia)及(ji)各(ge)地(di)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)教育設(she)(she)施和場(chang)所(suo)建(jian)設(she)(she)，培育普及(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文化(hua)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)共機(ji)構尤(you)其是黨政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關帶(dai)(dai)頭使用節能環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)產品，推(tui)行(xing)(xing)綠色辦公(gong)(gong)(gong)，創建(jian)節約型機(ji)關。健全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)新聞發布機(ji)制，充分發揮各(ge)類(lei)媒(mei)體作用。省、市兩(liang)級(ji)要依托黨報(bao)(bao)、電視臺(tai)、政(zheng)(zheng)府網(wang)站，曝光突(tu)出環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)問題，報(bao)(bao)道整改(gai)進展(zhan)情況。建(jian)立政(zheng)(zheng)府、企(qi)業(ye)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)社(she)(she)會(hui)風險(xian)預(yu)防與化(hua)解機(ji)制。完(wan)善環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)息公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)制度(du)，加強重(zhong)特大突(tu)發環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)事件信(xin)息公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)，對(dui)涉及(ji)群(qun)眾切身(shen)利(li)益的重(zhong)大項(xiang)目及(ji)時主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)。2020年(nian)年(nian)底(di)前，地(di)級(ji)及(ji)以上城市符合(he)條(tiao)件的環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)設(she)(she)施和城市污水垃圾處理設(she)(she)施向社(she)(she)會(hui)開(kai)(kai)放，接受公(gong)(gong)(gong)眾參(can)觀。強化(hua)排(pai)污者(zhe)主(zhu)(zhu)體責任，企(qi)業(ye)應嚴格守(shou)法，規范自(zi)身(shen)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)行(xing)(xing)為，落實資金投入(ru)、物資保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)措施和應急處置主(zhu)(zhu)體責任。實施工業(ye)污染源全(quan)面(mian)達標排(pai)放計(ji)劃。2018年(nian)年(nian)底(di)前，重(zhong)點排(pai)污單(dan)位全(quan)部安(an)裝自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)在線監(jian)控(kong)設(she)(she)備并同(tong)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)主(zhu)(zhu)管部門(men)聯網(wang)，依法公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)排(pai)污信(xin)息。到2020年(nian)，實現長(chang)江(jiang)經(jing)濟帶(dai)(dai)入(ru)河(he)排(pai)污口監(jian)測全(quan)覆蓋(gai)，并將(jiang)監(jian)測數據納入(ru)長(chang)江(jiang)經(jing)濟帶(dai)(dai)綜合(he)信(xin)息平臺(tai)。推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)社(she)(she)會(hui)組(zu)織和志愿(yuan)者(zhe)隊伍規范健康(kang)發展(zhan)，引導(dao)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)社(she)(she)會(hui)組(zu)織依法開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)益訴訟等活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。按照國家(jia)有關規定表彰對(dui)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和改(gai)善生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)有顯著(zhu)成(cheng)績(ji)的單(dan)位和個人。完(wan)善公(gong)(gong)(gong)眾監(jian)督、舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)反饋機(ji)制，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)人的合(he)法權益，鼓勵設(she)(she)立有獎(jiang)舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)基金。
新(xin)思(si)想(xiang)引領新(xin)時代(dai)(dai)，新(xin)使命(ming)開啟新(xin)征(zheng)程。讓我們更加緊密地團結(jie)在(zai)以習近平(ping)同志為核心(xin)的黨中(zhong)央(yang)周(zhou)圍，以習近平(ping)新(xin)時代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)國特色社會(hui)主義思(si)想(xiang)為指導，不(bu)忘初心(xin)、牢記使命(ming)，銳意進(jin)取、勇于擔(dan)當(dang)，全面加強生態環(huan)境保護(hu)，堅決打好(hao)污染(ran)防治攻堅戰，為決勝全面建成小康(kang)社會(hui)、實現中(zhong)華民(min)族偉(wei)大(da)復興(xing)的中(zhong)國夢不(bu)懈奮斗(dou)。
